大減稅!薪扣額提高至18萬 標扣額11萬元 - 股票
By Bennie
at 2017-09-03T19:49
at 2017-09-03T19:49
Table of Contents
2018/1/20 :所得稅法三讀通過採行乙案。
股利的邊際稅率如下:
所得淨額 稅率 甲案實質稅率 乙案實質稅率
乙(一)
股利941176元
以內 超過
------ ------------ ----- ------
0 ~ 520,000 5% 3.15% -3.5% 不適用
520,001 ~ 1,170,000 12% 7.56% 3.5% 12%
1,170,001 ~ 2,350,000 20% 12.60% 11.5% 20%
2,350,001 ~ 4,400,000 30% 18.90% 21.5% 30%
4,400,001 ~ 40% 25.20% 31.5% 40%
千萬級距將取消,不列 上行可代入乙(二)28%
上方表格的圖床支援 https://imgur.com/evkcXNk
(上面連結裡的表,乙(一)下面的『上面可代入乙(二)26%』,請自行改成『…28%』)
甲案:37%定率免稅,63%計入所得總額,實質稅率=63%*稅率。
額外加計63%現金股利,剛好跨稅率級距上限而適用二稅率者,按金額
相對比例與實質稅率計算個人股利之實際稅率。
乙案
乙(一):股利併入各類所得計稅,但有min(股利x8.5%,80000)的抵減。
因為抵減8.5%,但每戶有80000元上限,可知80000/8.5%=941176。
故,股利未超過941176元部分,實質稅率如上表所示;
而,股利超過941176元的部分,則照原稅率計稅。
舉例:有1,000,000元股利,但有其他所得而適用30%稅率,其股利
之邊際稅額
= 1百萬*30% - min[1百萬*8.5% , 80000]
= (1百萬-941176)*30% + 941176*21.5%
= 220,000
如不含股利之各類所得淨額適用某一稅率,後加計股利所得,
需跨二稅率者,比如各類所得淨額(不含股利)為100萬,外加現金
股利110萬,該股利部分之稅率,按下步驟計算:
1.將股利110萬拆成 941176元及 158824元。
2.因各類所得已達100萬,
故股利中941176元 = 170,000 (適用乙(一)第二級實質稅率3.5%)
+ 771,176 (適用乙(一)第三級實質稅率11.5%)
3.股利中的158824元適用第3級原稅率20%
4.把2、3的金額按相對比率及適用稅率計算實質稅率:
(17萬*3.5% + 77萬*11.5% + 15.8萬*20%)/110萬
乙(二):股利分離課稅,其稅率28%。
但某些情形下,適用40%稅率者,乙(二)未必比乙(一)節稅,比如:
無其他所得,股利5百多萬,扣除免稅額、扣除額後,有5百萬所得淨
額,其乙(一)下稅額 = 5百萬*40%-829,600(此為累進差額)-80,000
=1,090,400
乙(二)下稅額 = 5百萬*28% = 1,400,000
簡言之,股利構成各類所得之大部分情形下,因所得跨各級累進稅率計
算出的實質稅率,有可以比單一稅率28%還少。
反正,如果將來採用乙案的話,乙(一)、乙(二)在網路申報電腦會幫你
算好好的。紙本申報,沒精算下,誤以為乙二稅較少而溢繳者,只有5
年內溢繳的稅才可申請退稅唷…
結論:
1.適用5%、12%稅率,其股利金額通常不大者,乙案明顯較優。
適用20%,視個別情形;通常股利不大,乙案略優。
適用30%,甲案較優。
適用40%,幾乎沒差,好吧,也可說甲案少0.8%略優。
2.營所稅稅率將上調至20%,甲案、乙案個人股利邊際稅率最高為25%、26%,
可以降低利用投資公司名義投資誘因。(註:兩稅合一下,公司獲配國內
其他公司之現金股利,不計入課稅所得;但取消兩稅合一後,此後應該會計
入課稅所得。推文裡有版友認為不會刪,也是有可能的,好比說因兩稅合一
而產生的未分配盈餘加徵所得稅制度,目前方案在刪除兩稅合一後,也沒全
部刪掉未分配盈餘加徵所得稅,只變成少徵5%,故兩稅合一刪除後,公司獲
配國內其他公司之現金股利,未必會恢復計入營利事業所得額。
3.非境內居住者及境外公司,投資國內公司獲配的股利,以往採就源扣繳,扣
繳率20%,將來將上調至21%,降低設立海外紙上公司避稅誘因。
--
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